Impact of Alcohol Use on American Society Essay - 2511 Words

Alcohol is a drug that is classified as a central nervous system depressant. There are three forms of alcohol, beer, wine and distilled spirits. Alcohol is one of the most commonly used drugs in the United States and has more adverse effects that most other drugs combined. There are many aspects to consider when thinking about alcohol as a drug. There are many myths surrounding alcohol, including who uses it, what its effects are on users, social and sexual situations and the amounts people drink. The vast majority of the American population uses alcohol and in many various ways and this also causes different effects. Alcohol is also has a great causation in crimes committed by users, social, medical, and educational problems as a result†¦show more content†¦A myth that many college age users like to believe is that there are numerous ways we can speed up the process of becoming sober. These commonly believed methods include, drinking coffee, taking a cold shower or exercisi ng. There is only one way that a drinker can sober up and that is to let the liver breakdown the alcohol. This process can differ in people depending on their individual rate of metabolism, but overall this is a slow process that requires a significant amount of time and cannot be sped up by outside means. Another commonly accepted myth and one that is often encouraged is that drinking hard liquor will get you drunk faster than drinking beer. In fact, the amount of alcohol in one beer is equal to the amount of alcohol in one shot of hard liquor, (U.S. Department of Health, 1977). Although many of these myths would be beneficial to our drinking experiences, they are all in fact false and users of alcohol must be aware of them. Alcohol is one of the most commonly used drugs in the United States today. Sixty-three percent of Americans over the age of 18 said they have consumed alcohol at least once in the past year, (National, 2001). A survey, conducted by the Core Institute, of 55,026 college students, ranging from freshmen to seniors to non-seeking degree students, from across the United States showed that 84.1% of students consumed alcohol at least once a year and that 72.1% of studentsShow MoreRelatedAlcohol abuse1512 Words   |  7 Pages Alcohol abuse in the society. A review of the literature Abstract Alcohol abuse is also a serious medical and social problem, but is not the same as alcoholism. Alcohol abuse isRead More Alcohol Abuse Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagestodays modern society alcohol addiction and alcohol abuse has become one of the most complex, life-threatening issues. Most depressed individuals usually indulge themselves in bars or pubs with their alcohols to escape from their stressful life. It has become increasingly alarming how alcohol does not only attract the adults, but also teenagers these days. Research has shown that approximately 14 million Americans (7.4%) of the population meet the diagnostic criteria for alcohol abuse or alcoholismRead More Drugs and Alcohol in the Adolescent Years Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesDrugs and Alcohol in the Adolescent Years The years of adolescence are a very important time for both young girls and boys to make decisions that will essentially have the power to shape their lives. In life there are conflicts to be overcome from both the â€Å"evil† social world and also a young girl’s vulnerability can cause problems. Both have a huge impact on decisions she will make. Drugs and alcohol are both issues that almost any young person in today’s society is going to comeRead MoreEffects Of Alcoholism On The American Medical Association1016 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction to alcohol Instructor: Vanda Wark Literature Review Definition of alcoholism: According to the American medical association alcoholism is a chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial and environmental factors influencing development and manifestations. Alcoholism has had a tremendous impact on the human condition and its relationship to society. The evolution of alcoholism, its behavior and quality of life impact will be addressed; as well as treatments and fiscal impact in the literatureRead MoreThe Causes Of Addiction In Pop Culture And The Media795 Words   |  4 PagesIn American society, pop culture and the media hold heavy influences over citizens and the government. We have a mixture of cultures in America, but one thing has been prevalent for decades. Alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs have always had a prodigious place in American society. We promote the consumption of these substances in commercials, songs, movies, etc. We as a people are responsible for the power that these substances have. Despite this, we ridicule those who consume them. Of course, thereRead MoreAlcoholism : A Growing Problem1468 Words   |  6 Pagesgrowing problem in today s society. What is alcoholism? Is it a disease? What are the causes of it? What toll does alcohol abuse have on individuals? American society? American economy? What kind of treatments are available to reduce/cure alcoholism? What is alcoholism? Alcoholism is a physical or psychological need for an alcoholic beverage, which is taken for non-medical reasons and produces a noticeable effect on the body (Sheen 93). People develop the need for alcohol for many different reasonsRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On Alcohol Abuse Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pages Dependance on alcohol has been around ever since its creation and records of writing existed. From Biblical commandments clearly restricting the drink due to its destructive and addictive nature to the celebrities on tv screens and music devices glorifying the substance, alcohol has always been part of various cultures. Being the number one drug problem in the U.S with over 12 million people reportedly being alcoholics and of those 7 million being binge drinkers between the ages 12-20, it comesRead MoreRussian Immigration to America1424 Words   |  6 Pagesthis is included when looking at the culture, background, history, and modern day influences of a R ussian-American citizens. Life is focused not only on oneself, but family, friends and the community in a certain area. Russian-American citizens are a part of the American society and will always have a history fixated from the Russian lifestyle. There are many stereotypes in the American society that bestows an idea of the depiction of Russians. From past Olympics, we see that the Russians excel inRead MoreThe Effects Of Long Term Alcohol Use On The Brain1482 Words   |  6 Pages Alcohol is the result of the chemical process known as fermentation, which is essentially the putrefaction of yeast and sugar into a consumable intoxicant. The earliest examples of alcohol consumption were evidenced by beer recipes from Mesopotamia, written in Cuneiform on clay tablets. These tablets are considered one of the earliest forms of written language. Alcohol has long been considered an integral part of society, but its effects on physical and mental health, and social standing continueRead MoreThe Role Of Sociocultural, Socioeconomic, And Diversity Factors1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe role of sociocultural, socioeconomic, and diversity factors and lifestyle choices in contemporary society. (ACOTE Standard B.1.4) Articulate the importan ce of balancing areas of occupation with the achievement of health and wellness. (ACOTE Standard B.2.4). Explain the role of occupation in the promotion of health and the prevention of disease and disability for the individual, family and society. (ACOTE Standard B.2.5) Express support for the quality of life, well-being, and occupation of the individual

The Issue Of The Second Amendment - 1035 Words

You Can Have My Gun When You Pry It from My Cold Dead Hands Those that oppose upholding the Second Amendment should consider the following scenario: It is the middle of the night, an armed intruder breaks into a home in a well-lit residential neighborhood; the intruder knows the home owners are home, and despite this knowledge, illegally enters the home. The father, awakened by the noise, listens for a second and realizes that someone has broken into his home. Concerned for the safety of his family, the first thing the father does is dart straight for his shotgun, and checks the bedrooms of his children. Assured that his children are safe the father proceeds to the common areas of the residence and spots the intruder in the living room.†¦show more content†¦If opponents of the right to bear arms are still not convinced, hopefully the ruling of the Supreme Court in the case of Warren v The District of Colombia will be the piece of information needed to help opponents make a rational decision. The ruling stated that [t]he duty to provi de public services is owed to the public at large, and, absent a special relationship between the police and an individual, no specific legal duty exists. After investing much effort into understanding the thought process of those who support gun control, a pro-gun-control op-ed was stumbled upon that seemed to embody all of the talking points and emotions of those on the opposing side. There it was summed up in a single picture and a short but succinct headline. It was a gut wrenching black and white photo of six handsome young men in crisp, dark suits and tearful eyes supporting the weight of a cumbersome coffin that no doubt held still precious cargo that will live on only in their hearts. Above it the caption read â€Å"This Is Why We Need Gun Control†. The issue of gun control continually elicits impassioned responses from both sides of the argument. The list of reasons gun control proponents supply include: More guns equal more suicide, More guns equal more homicide, Massacres and mass murders are

Criminal Investigation And The Crime Scene - 1148 Words

I am sure I am not the only one that thinks of the hit television show CSI when I hear of criminal investigations. What people probably don’t know is that the people who work as investigators are not particularly pretty people with pencil skirts, expensive suits, and a full hair and makeup team; they are law enforcers that specialize in the science aspect of solving crimes. In 2009, Hekim stated that: Investigative police work is mostly about the â€Å"recovery, analysis and interpretation of information about criminal offenses. The investigative process of a crime consists of taking victim and witness statements, examining the crime scene, collecting physical evidence, analyzing collected material to identify the offender(s) and then†¦show more content†¦1). Americans obtained their first investigators in 1789 and they were known as revenue agents (O’Connor, 2006, para. 3). Americans in the late 1700s were recruited from civilian life and it wasn’t until the 1950s that a college education was preferred in the investigations department (O’Connor, 2006, para. 3). The first major private detective agency of the nineteenth-century was formed by Allan Pinkerton in 1819-1884 (Swanson et al., 2002, para 1). In my opinion, the biggest milestone for investigative work was the discovery of DNA. It has made the task of appre hending criminals exponentially easier and is virtually error-free. How to become a Criminal Investigator There are different ways to become a criminal investigator: you can go to school and major in criminology or criminal science and get hired as a criminal investigator—perhaps in a small town where prior experience is not required—or you can take the most common avenue and become a police officer first. After becoming a sworn police officer, you can receive on-the-job training and attend specialized classes to become an investigator. Speaking with a current Myrtle Beach Police Crime Scene Investigator, David Bailey, I learned that if you want to go into investigations you don’t necessarily need a certain under-graduate major; you just need to get your foot in the door by becoming a police officer and then be willing to

Qualitative Research Quantitative Research - 4141 Words

Qualitative Research Design: Qualitative research is a formative method of research that is preferred by many researchers as allows the researcher to use several techniques to gather information by seeking answers to research questions. Merriam (2005) stated, â€Å"Qualitative research is interested in how meaning is constructed, how people make sense of their lives and their worlds. The primary goal of a basic qualitative study is to uncover and interpret these meanings† (p. 24).Qualitative research has been proven to be a very effective way to address research. There are several methods used to gather information using a qualitative research approach. Qualitative research does not focus on numbers and experiments as compared to other research methods. According to William (2005, p.85) qualitative data collection methods emerged after it has become known that traditional quantitative data collection methods were unable to express human feelings and emotions. More as it allows a researcher to explore one s perceptions, and feelings on a topic. Qualitative is a very effective way to conduct research to gather rich in-depth data. Creswell (2007) claimed that qualitative research is an opportunity to develop an understanding of the experiences from the perspective of the individuals or group being studied through a particular theoretical lens. There are several methodologies associated with qualitative research; including, case studies, phenomenology, and several others.Show MoreRelatedQualitative Research : Qualitative And Quantitative Research854 Words   |  4 Pageswhat come to mind when thinking about qualitative and quantitative research. In other words, quantitative research utilizes numbers while qualitative research does not. Another noteworthy distinction between the two methods lies in data collection. Unlike qualitative research which is employed to transform data into statistics, qualitative research is utilized to gain a deeper understanding or underlying opinions, reaso ns and motivations. Quantitative research is exploratory in the sense that it attemptsRead MoreQualitative Research And Quantitative Research917 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to carry out my research, there were two feasible arguments to using qualitative research and quantitative methods. Qualitative research is recording information that express information about feelings, values and attitudes using words, whereas quantitative research uses data that is expressed in numerical form using descriptive and inferential statistics (Lindlof Taylor, 2002). Quantitative research is useful when measuring facts and is structured using characterised surveys and statisticalRead MoreQualitative Research On Quantitative Research1496 Words   |  6 PagesThe qualitative research method involves analysing data, such as words, pictures or objects. It is more subjective, and requires the researcher to interpret data in order to form thematic ideas. Quantitative research can gather a large amount of data that can be e asily organised and manipulated into reports for analysis. It often includes one to one interview. It utilises open- ended questions. This means that the researcher has to interpret their findings. Moreover, in qualitative research isRead MoreQuantitative Research : Qualitative Research825 Words   |  4 PagesPoints of Consideration for this Qualitative Research Skinner, Tagg, and Holloway (2000) stressed that engaging in qualitative research demands an understanding of some of the drawbacks associated with doing this type of research. A number of common concerns related to qualitative research are found in the literature. The time and resources involved in collecting and analyzing qualitative data are mentioned frequently (e.g., Creswell, 1998; Skinner, Tagg, Holloway, 2000). A related concern involvesRead MoreQualitative Research : Quantitative Research Essay814 Words   |  4 PagesQualitative research is a kind of of scientific research which consists of an analysis that look for answers to a question, systematically uses a specific procedures to answer the question, gathers evidence, generate findings that are legit farther the limits of the study. Qualitative research has these characteristics. As an addition, it looks for to analyze the research problem or motif from the aspect of the local people who involves the study. Qualitati ve research is particularly effectiveRead MoreQualitative Research : Quantitative Research Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesQualitative research explains, describes and characterizes the subject of investigation by focusing on words rather than numbers. It mainly collects the non-numerical data to describe a problem and helps to create ideas for further research. In qualitative research, data are collected through focus groups, interviews, direct observation or evaluation of archival material such as newspapers. Qualitative research has a qualitative dimension and relies on the background and context to analyze data.Read MoreQualitative Research And Quantitative Research1675 Words   |  7 Pages Qualitative research and Quantitative research Qualitative research Defilation Qualitative research is a method used in different academic disciplines, generally in social science, but also in research and further contexts. Qualitative researchers aim to attain detailed understanding of human behavior rand the reasons that govern such behavior. The qualitative method investigates the why and how of decision making, not just what, where, when. Hence, smallerRead MoreQuantitative and Qualitative Research1006 Words   |  5 PagesQuantitative and Qualitative Research Sheri Doubleday May 16, 2011 Research procedures depends on the analyzing data and questions on the topic being researched. All research can be differentiated on the basis of whether its methodology produces mostly numerical data (e.g., scores and measurements) or mostly narrative data (e.g., verbal descriptions and opinions) (Mertler, C. amp; Charles, C. 2011, p 24). Qualitative research and quantitative research are two types of research methods. Read MoreQualitative Research : Quantitative Research Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesQualitative research is scientific research based on something that cannot be correctly and precisely measured (University of Wisconsin-Madison-Health Services Ebling Library, 2016). Qualitative research is biased and uses preliminary reasoning to combine data (University of Wisconsin-Madison-Health Services Ebling Library, 2016). Qualitative research establishes theories to help explain the phenomena while focusing on the experiences and opinions of all study subjects (Verhoef Ca sebeer, 1997)Read MoreQualitative And Quantitative And Qualitative Research1972 Words   |  8 Pagesworld of research, there are two general approaches to gathering and reporting information qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative approach to research is focused on understanding a phenomenon from a closer perspective. The quantitative approach tends to approximate phenomena from a large number of individuals using survey methods. There has been widespread debate in recent years within many of the social sciences regarding the relative merits of quantitative and qualitative strategies

Words Sweet Words Free Essays

I never knew what it was like to feel complete desperation. I never knew the emptiness of loneliness and loss until she was gone. The moment when you feel your whole world crashing in around you, and your whole being shaken with remorse; the sheer terror of heart-wrenching pain. We will write a custom essay sample on Words Sweet Words or any similar topic only for you Order Now I always thought moments like these were rare. That desperation and emptiness were not things I would ever have to experience. I would hear stories about death and war, horrific atrocities far away, but I never hought I’d have to endure them. My life was perfect. Well-put together. Full of love and Joy. Nothing bad could ever happen. Moments of pain were a stranger. Until the day she was gone, until the moment where I found pain right where it resided, in the face of my dead mother. I walked into my fifth grade homeroom sure that I was going to ace my test that day. There was no doubt in my mind. I had studied for hours, made notecards, written facts over and over until my hand hurt; I was prepared. I sat down in my favorite seat. You know those kids that sit in a different seat everyday at the eginning of the year to find the perfect one? Like theyre adults looking for a home to buy? They consider the angle of their view of the teacher, how much sun the seat gets, how close it is to the door in case of an emergency, and many other factors. I was one of those kids. I searched for my perfect seat in homeroom for about three weeks. It took so long because I had trouble choosing between several candidates. I finally found the perfect one. It was located in the second row in from the door on the right. I could see the teacher but didn’t feel forced to make direct eye contact the ntire time she was talking. My seat was formed Just right that it had a slight arch on the back that helped support my â€Å"s† shaped spine. It really was perfect†¦ until that day. Everyone came in and sat down, but something was different. Andy sat in front of me. His long hair was so greasy it made feel like I needed to shower for him. He was one of those boys you look at and imagine the cartoon squiggles come out from around his body to imply his stench. It was brutal. I could tell my day was off to a good start. Suddenly the phone rang. When you’re in fifth grade, hearing the phone ing is like matching the first three numbers on your ticket to the winning lottery number. The person on the end of that phone could be anyone, and everyone in your class wants it to be some form of their ticket out of class. This morning was different though. Rather than everyone dropping what they were doing to find out who it was, it was ignored. No one stopped, no one wondered, no one but me. I wish I hadn’t wondered. The teacher approached me with the most solemn face I had ever seen anyone have in real life. Andys tang grew stronger and stronger as my mind ran hrough scenarios as to what she could want from me. Maybe it wasn’t me she wanted; maybe it was Andy. Maybe she finally smelt his funk, too, and was going to tell him to shower and get a haircut or ne would nave detentions torever. Maybe it wasn’t for me. As she finally met her destination and leaned over my desk, I realized that wasn’t the case. â€Å"Sarah, sweetie, you need to go to the principal’s office right away, okay? Go very quick, okay? No dilly dallying. † Her voice had a bitter- sweetness to it. That pleasant tone people use to cover up the ugliness behind their words, like a yogurt-covered raisin. I didn’t fully catch on to the true depravity that awaited me. I knew it couldn’t be good. Being sent to the principal’s office immediately was never a good sign unless it was student appreciation day. Candy awaited on those days. There was no candy today, though. Not a hint of sweetness carried in the air between the principal and I as he told me my father was coming to get me. There was no sweetness in my father’s face as he drove us to the hospital without a hint of explanation. I don’t think anything close to sweetness could exist in the cold, whitewashed halls of that hospital. We entered the room. There I saw my mother, as white as the walls that surrounded her. She was dead. I approached her as if she was a foreign being, some alien from one of my Saturday morning cartoons. The constant tone filled the room. I knew what that was. I learned about it in health class. That tone meant heartless. My mother once had a heart, but not anymore, the drunk driver took it from her. He stole the thing that kept the beep going, but now it was Just a tone, a dead tone. That ambient sound seemed to resonate from every direction, in every corner, getting ouder and louder as my mind and heart began to soak in all that was happening. I didn’t know what to do or think. I Just stood. Stood in the stillness of the loneliest moment of my life. There would be healing after this. I knew that restoration and recovery were in the future, but that future seemed very far away. That future didn’t get any closer in the months that followed. It wasn’t until I reached my freshman year when I knew that I could move on. In the movies, when someone dies theyre always remembered by some dramatic, life-changing statement. A philosophy they followed that everyone knew them by. My mom said many of these throughout my childhood, I’m sure, but I can’t recall any of them. It may have been easier if I could, if I had a profound testimony to lean on from my mother that loved me so much, but I didn’t. I knew one thing, though, that she had them. Whether I remember them or not, I know they existed. She had something to share, and she did. She affected so many lucky people in her lifetime. We all have something to say. I took that thought going into my freshman year, knowing I wanted to change. I wanted to change others and myself and make the same difference I knew my mother made in her short life. I know she made her moments matter. Her gentle words of wisdom that sang from her mouth to my small ears, and to the slightly larger ears of others, were what made her memorable. I used that insight as the foundation for my life to this day, and will continue to remember how my mother made winsome moments in her life and others. Even if I don’t remember them, her words were real, as real as the sweet moments that they created and that are remembered by all. How to cite Words Sweet Words, Papers

Error avoidance in post modern/complex adaptive system free essay sample

Robyn Dougherty MHA 601 Dr. Hwang Ji-lu February 23, 2014 Introduction In health care with the postmodernism (PM) and complex adaptive system (CAS), strategic thinking is an ability to view operations, issues and problems as they transform over years. The error avoidance is determining the causes of the problem outside the department, and the health care setting, to customers, competitors and environmental forces. This sort of system thinking is managers recognize constant changes within health care. There are different types of professional mindsets that affect and involve a number of employees in development, and the delivery of health care services. This paper will illustrate challenges in the process and errors managers have in employee development, policies/procedures, rewards and the community in market analysis. Managers Model the Process Managers have been traditionally taught to be good problem solvers: find out what is wrong and fix it (Johnson, 2009, p. 73). According to Johnson (2009) in order for managers to model the way Postmodernism (PS) and Complex Adaptive System (CAS) are two system approaches to managing healthcare organizations. CAS models the way managers develop strategies in relationships among agents, between agents and their environment that most affects the quality of the system (Johnson, 2009, p. 71). According to Johnson (2009) the PS is an umbrella term for a group of philosophical ideas that challenged the assumptions of modernism and the resultant social and historical viewpoints. Therefore there are several managerial errors to avoid. According to Johnson (2009, p. 80) the first error is the manager’s failure to account for employees to learn safe machine operations. This means when employees are left to experiment with operational equipment they will cut corners, speed up production and in so doing reduce the procedural effect they are required to use Johnson (2009). In the CAS approach the manager would pay attention to the system and not the individuals. Therefore the manager would identify operational procedures, risk and train step-by-step instructions under OSHA regulations in a training manual and how maintenance is performed in safe operations of equipment (Allen, 2012). The second error is putting all employees through the same orientation pre-in-service training. According to Johnson (2009, p. 80) this is done regardless of differences in cultural interpretation of organizational hierarchies and therefore causing the potential for conflict among employees and between employees and management caused by different expectations of roles. This means according to Johnson (2009, p. 73) a dilemma is a set of circumstances in the world that has no correct answer, but rather a circumstance where different points of view and issues of concerns come to the table together. In view of the PM and CAS system this should be a general orientation for all employees in a brief history and the mission and vision of the health care organization. In addition, not to create conflicts within the organizations culture there needs to be the development of different roles. This would be the special practices within the organizational charts, specific departments and managers should have departmental orientations for the transition to the training phase of support and clinical staff. The third error according to Johnson (2009p. 80) is improper conduct and disciplining employees expecting a change in behavior and getting a union response. Therefore rules to work by are simple, and all parties involved agree that if an employee engages in detrimental activities to the best interest of the organization, clients or employees then the employee will be appropriately disciplined. In problem solving CS and PM ask how do we achieve this and that Johnson (2009, p. 73). This means all employees must follow policies and procedures through the personnel handbook. According to Johnson (2009, p. 80) the fourth error is changing a work process without consideration the role of the communities on work performance. The community in a health care setting is the management and development of the community, and how the relationship benefits individuals, social conditions and quality performance in delivery services (Van Loon, 2007). The fifth error, According to Johnson (2009, p. 80) is assuming that employees will not relocate work assignments based on perception of the best arrangement even after receiving work allocation assignments from management. Cross functional teams work best in a health care setting and include representatives from a clinical or nonclinical area on specific transferred task or agenda assignments (Thompson, 2010). According to Johnson (2009, p. 80) messages are the speed of information or communication with which the informal organization can transmit messages and failing to manage rumors. This is the sixth error, that falls under CS and PM in healthcare management understanding uncertain natures of reality, and the implications of that uncertainty for managerial action Johnson (2009, p. 78). Therefore this would be rules to work by and engaging in improper verbal conduct which reflects on the medical facility. According to Johnson (2009, p. 81) the seventh error is failing to treat the organization’s dominant logic, as an emergent property of the system and, instead, treating it as something that can impose on the system. This is like the mission and vision of the health care system. In delivering high quality services and strong improvement programs, while maintaining cost effect operations of the system. When this system is not executed within the health care delivery system, then the environment is not empowering in a positive and supportive working conditions for all employees. The eight errors are looking for one bad apple in a group as a strategy for improving work quality, when the quality of output may be an emergent property of the group Johnson (2009, p. 81). This is like a conflict of participants that management needs a solution in grievance procedures. The resolution is to investigate, obtain information to decrease the audience and direct behavior back to the organizations goal oriented activities Thompson (2010). The ninth and tenth errors are marketing analysis and internal rewards Johnson (2009, p. 81). The ninth error is the release of a new product into the market, but ignoring the fact that a new product may change the market in such a way as to make the market analysis incorrect Johnson (2009). CAS theory calls our attention to the diversity of agents in the system and the capacity to learn Johnson (2009, p. 78). Therefore, according to Van Loon (2007) the strategic direction in the health care market analysis must have a functional area, strategic capabilities, geographic data and resources in patient center care and services. The tenth error is offering a premium to internal workers for extra production without expecting the change in reward structure to affect relationships with suppliers Johnson (2009). According to Johnson (2009, p. 76) leadership skill involves the ability to help people be reflective about situations in which they find themselves and their organization. Therefore this is a major conflict of interest. The supplier now feels alienated in services and rewards. The manager has a responsibility to build that relationship and improve the merit system to external contactors. Conclusion The above examples illustrate manager’s errors and provide a model process to increase leadership skills. The health care system is moving forward. This means constant change in the mission and vision of an organization. An organization needs to develop training programs, collaborate and disseminate information to all stakeholders. In health care with the postmodernism (PM) and complex adaptive system (CAS), strategic thinking is an ability to view operations, issues and problems as they transform over years. The error avoidance is determining the causes of the problem outside the department, and the health care setting, to customers, competitors and environmental forces. This paper illustrated challenges in the process and errors managers have in employee development, policies/procedures, rewards and the community in market analysis. References Allen, J. T. (2012). OSHA Training for Machine Guarding.